Dolphin Discovery Cayman • Dolphins (Current Holder)

The information in the table below represents the living or current population of dolphins & porpoises held at this facility (excluding killer whales). If you’re having trouble finding a specific animal, check the tabs above, they may have transferred or died. Italics indicate a deceased individual.

NOTE: If you have a correction or would like to submit information please contribute@cetabase.org or use our contact form! This inventory is based on the last known or best available data provided to Ceta-Base, it may be outdated, incomplete or contain errors.

Last Updated: August 20, 2025 12:04 pm

Image	Species	Scientific	ID #'s	Name	Sex	Born	Origin	Origin Date	Origin-Sort	Captured / Born at:	Mother	Father	Transfers	Current / Last Facility:	Status	Status Date	Stat Sort-Ref	Cause of Death	Notes	Keyword column (invisible)
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Lucea	F	2001-Jan-01 (E) 24.6 years old	Capt	2004-Nov-xx	20041101	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Holding, Cuba (2004-Nov-xx) to Dolphin Cove Ochos Riois (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Cove Cayman (2008-Dec-09) to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	AZA 1116-1120	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Nemo	M	2001-Jan-01 (E) 24.6 years old	Capt	2004-Nov-xx	20041101	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Holding, Cuba (2004-Nov-xx) to Dolphin Cove Ochos Riois (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Cove Cayman (2008-Dec-09) to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	AZA 1116-1120	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Luna	F	2001-Jan-01 (E) 24.6 years old	Capt	2004-Nov-xx	20041101	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Holding, Cuba (2004-Nov-xx) to Dolphin Cove Ochos Riois (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Cove Cayman (2008-Dec-09) to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	AZA 1116-1120, there were two animals named "Luna" in Cayman, this is a Jamaican/Dolphin Cove animal	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Allegria	F	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Alma	F	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Copernico	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Darwin	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Galileo	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Newton	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Richie	M	2010-Jan-01 (E) 15.6 years old	Unkn	xxxx-xxx-xx	20120701	Unknown	??	??	Unknown History to Dolphin Cove Jamaica (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Cove Cayman (2013) to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Lucky	M	2013-Jan-18 (A) 12.6 years old	Born	2013-Jan-18	20130118	D. Discovery Cayman	Allegria	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Joy	F	2015-Sep-08 (A) 10.0 years old	Born	2015-Sep-08	20150908	D. Discovery Cayman	Alma	Al	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Drake	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (A) ?? years old	Born	xxxx-xxx-xx	20151231	D. Discovery Cayman	Allegria	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Tesla	F	2017-Mar-07 (E) 8.5 years old	Born	2017-Mar-07	20170307	Dolphin Cove Cayman?	Lucea	??	Dolphin Cove Cayman to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Cronos	M	2017-xxx-xx (A) ?? years old	Born	2017-xxx-xx	20170601	D. Discovery Cayman	Luna	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Patricia	F	2017-Jun-29 (A) 8.1 years old	Born	2017-Jun-29	20170629	Dolphin Cove Cayman?	Sally	Copernico	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Possibly born at Dolphin Cove	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Sherlock	M	2017-Dec-xx (E) ?? years old	Born	2017-Dec-xx	20171231	D. Discovery Cayman	Alegria	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Sherlock & Macarena were born on the same day, hours apart	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Macarena	F	2017-Dec-xx (E) ?? years old	Born	2017-Dec-xx	20171231	D. Discovery Cayman	Alma	Al	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Sherlock & Macarena were born on the same day, hours apart	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin

The information in the table below represents the deceased population of dolphins & porpoises held at this facility (excluding killer whales). If you’re having trouble finding a specific animal, check the tabs above, they may have been transferred or lost to follow up. Italics indicate a deceased individual.

Note: If you have a correction or would like to submit information please contribute@cetabase.org or use our contact form!

Last Updated: August 20, 2025 12:04 pm

Image	Species	Scientific	ID #'s	Name	Sex	Born	Origin	Origin Date	Origin-Sort	Captured / Born at:	Mother	Father	Transfers	Current / Last Facility:	Status	Status Date	Stat Sort-Ref	Cause of Death	Notes	Keyword column (invisible)
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Angela	F	2009-Jul-29 (A) 0.7 years old	Born	2009-Jul-29	20090729	D. Discovery Cayman	Allegria	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	Died	2010-Apr-13	20100413	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, died, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Esperanza's Calf	U	2012-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Unkn	2012-xxx-xx	20121231	D. Discovery Cayman	Esperanza	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	Unknown	2012-xxx-xx	20121231	-	Unknown pregnancy result, calf was either stillborn or died	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, died, dolphin

The information in the table below represents the historical population of dolphins & porpoises held at this facility (excluding killer whales). If you’re having trouble finding a specific animal, check the tabs above, they may have been transferred or lost to follow up. Italics indicate a deceased individual. This list includes both public display animals and rescue rehab cases. To exclude them, type either “public display” or “rehab” in the Filter box.

Note: If you have a correction or would like to submit information please contribute@cetabase.org or use our contact form!

Last Updated: August 20, 2025 12:04 pm

Image	Species	Scientific	ID #'s	Name	Sex	Born	Origin	Origin Date	Origin-Sort	Captured / Born at:	Mother	Father	Transfers	Current / Last Facility:	Status	Status Date	Stat Sort-Ref	Cause of Death	Notes	Keyword column (invisible)
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, M990417CA12, 762	Capi	M	- (-) ?? years old	Capt	1998-Jul-10	19980710	Unknown	Wild	Wild	Unknown to Holding, Unknown (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Discovery (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Discovery Puerto Aventuras (~2001) to Unknown History (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2009-Jul-17)	D. Discovery Cayman	Unknown	-	-	-	Unknown status, missing	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, missing, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, 736	Luna	F	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2000/2001	20001231	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Holding, Cuba (2000/2001) to Dolphin Fantaseas Anguilla (2001-Jan-08) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2011-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	Unknown	-	-	-	Originally captured for Dolphin Fantaseas, later acquired by Dolphin Discovery	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, missing, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, 737	Al	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2000/2001	20001231	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Holding, Cuba (2000/2001) to Dolphin Fantaseas Anguilla (2001-Jan-08) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2011-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	Unknown	-	-	-	Originally captured for Dolphin Fantaseas, later acquired by Dolphin Discovery	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, missing, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, 1238	Esperanza	F	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2001-Dec-14	20011214	San Juan Point, Cuba	Wild	Wild	San Juan Point, Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2001-Dec-14) to Dolphin Discovery (2008-Apr-02) to Unknown History (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	Unknown	-	-	-	Previously named "Jade" at Acuario Nacional	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, missing, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Sally	F	2000-Jan-01 (E) 25.6 years old	Capt	xxxx-xxx-xx	20020701	Unknown	??	??	Unknown to Dolphin Cove Jamaica to Dolphin Cove Grand Cayman (2009) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	Unknown	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, missing, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Lucea	F	2001-Jan-01 (E) 24.6 years old	Capt	2004-Nov-xx	20041101	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Holding, Cuba (2004-Nov-xx) to Dolphin Cove Ochos Riois (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Cove Cayman (2008-Dec-09) to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	AZA 1116-1120	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Nemo	M	2001-Jan-01 (E) 24.6 years old	Capt	2004-Nov-xx	20041101	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Holding, Cuba (2004-Nov-xx) to Dolphin Cove Ochos Riois (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Cove Cayman (2008-Dec-09) to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	AZA 1116-1120	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Luna	F	2001-Jan-01 (E) 24.6 years old	Capt	2004-Nov-xx	20041101	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Holding, Cuba (2004-Nov-xx) to Dolphin Cove Ochos Riois (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Cove Cayman (2008-Dec-09) to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	AZA 1116-1120, there were two animals named "Luna" in Cayman, this is a Jamaican/Dolphin Cove animal	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Allegria	F	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Alma	F	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Copernico	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Darwin	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Galileo	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Newton	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Capt	2007-Sep-14?	20070914	Cuba	Wild	Wild	Cuba to Acuario Nacional (2007-Sep-14) to Dolphin Discovery Tortola (2008-Apr-02) to Dolphin Discovery Grand Cayman (2008-Dec-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Transfer history is based on presumed capture date, if capture date is not accurate, neither is transfer history	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Angela	F	2009-Jul-29 (A) 0.7 years old	Born	2009-Jul-29	20090729	D. Discovery Cayman	Allegria	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	Died	2010-Apr-13	20100413	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, died, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Richie	M	2010-Jan-01 (E) 15.6 years old	Unkn	xxxx-xxx-xx	20120701	Unknown	??	??	Unknown History to Dolphin Cove Jamaica (xxxx-xxx-xx) to Dolphin Cove Cayman (2013) to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Esperanza's Calf	U	2012-xxx-xx (U) ?? years old	Unkn	2012-xxx-xx	20121231	D. Discovery Cayman	Esperanza	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	Unknown	2012-xxx-xx	20121231	-	Unknown pregnancy result, calf was either stillborn or died	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, died, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Lucky	M	2013-Jan-18 (A) 12.6 years old	Born	2013-Jan-18	20130118	D. Discovery Cayman	Allegria	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Joy	F	2015-Sep-08 (A) 10.0 years old	Born	2015-Sep-08	20150908	D. Discovery Cayman	Alma	Al	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Drake	M	xxxx-xxx-xx (A) ?? years old	Born	xxxx-xxx-xx	20151231	D. Discovery Cayman	Allegria	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Tesla	F	2017-Mar-07 (E) 8.5 years old	Born	2017-Mar-07	20170307	Dolphin Cove Cayman?	Lucea	??	Dolphin Cove Cayman to Dolphin Discovery Cayman (xxxx-xxx-xx)	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Cronos	M	2017-xxx-xx (A) ?? years old	Born	2017-xxx-xx	20170601	D. Discovery Cayman	Luna	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	-	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Patricia	F	2017-Jun-29 (A) 8.1 years old	Born	2017-Jun-29	20170629	Dolphin Cove Cayman?	Sally	Copernico	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Possibly born at Dolphin Cove	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Sherlock	M	2017-Dec-xx (E) ?? years old	Born	2017-Dec-xx	20171231	D. Discovery Cayman	Alegria	??	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Sherlock & Macarena were born on the same day, hours apart	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin
	Bottlenose	Tursiops truncatus	-, -, -	Macarena	F	2017-Dec-xx (E) ?? years old	Born	2017-Dec-xx	20171231	D. Discovery Cayman	Alma	Al	-	D. Discovery Cayman	-	-	-	-	Sherlock & Macarena were born on the same day, hours apart	public display, ddcayman, dolphin-company, living, dolphin

The information in the table below represents the rescue/rehab population of dolphins & porpoises held at this facility.  These animals are held off exhibit in quarantine or hospital pools.  The rescue/rehab inventory will include all historical rescues in addition to current patients (if any). If you’re having trouble finding a specific dolphin, check the tabs above, they may have moved or died.  Italics indicate a deceased individual.  

Last Updated: August 20, 2025 12:04 pm

Image	Species	Scientific	ID #'s	Name	Sex	Born	Origin	Origin Date	Origin-Sort	Captured / Born at:	Mother	Father	Transfers	Current / Last Facility:	Status	Status Date	Stat Sort-Ref	Cause of Death	Notes	Keyword column (invisible)

The information in the table below represents animals that have transferred out of this facility with the date of transfer and the location where they moved to.  This entry only represents the most recent transfer date of of this particular location.  If a dolphin has transferred back and forth multiple times, only the latest transfer is listed, however, the complete transfer history can be viewed by expanding the row.

Image	Species	Scientific	ID #'s	Name	Sex	Born	Origin	Origin Date	Origin-Sort	Captured / Born at:	Mother	Father	Transfer From:	Transfer To:	Transfer Date:	Transfers (All)	Current / Last Facility:	Status	Status Date	Stat Sort-Ref	Cause of Death	Notes	Keyword column (invisible)